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To account for the unburned fraction of fuel carbon, the
Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines suggest the use of the following
oxidation factors:
- For
natural gas,
generally less than 1 percent of the carbon is left unburned
during combustion. This carbon remains as soot in the burner,
stack, or in the environment. The IPCC default oxidation
factor is 99.5 percent. The unburnt fraction of natural
gas, however, can be much higher for flares in the oil and
gas industry.
- For oil, about 1.5 ± 1 percent of fuel carbon passes
through the burners without being oxidized. The IPCC default
oxidation factor is 99 percent.
- For coal the amount of unoxidized carbon, primarily in
the form of ash, has been found to be higher and can vary
considerably with different combustion technologies and
efficiencies (e.g., range from 0.6 to 6.6 percent). The
IPCC default oxidation factor is 98 percent.
Parties are encouraged to develop country-specific oxidation factors for each fuel and technology type.
Additional
assumptions in Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines (pp. 28-29 and p. 33) |
